Assistant Professor, Women and Family Research Center
Abstract
Custom and Sharia, before the emergence of modernity, were regarded as two agents managing sexual norms and values in Iranian society that controlled, regulated, and managed sexual issues. However, the emergence of Western modernity as a symbol of civilization, validated nudity, and free sexual relations as its normal agreed values in Iranian society. The entry of these agreed-upon meanings and sexual values into modern discourse during the Qajar era was met with resistance and persistence from the two discourses of Tradition and Sharia. Each of these resistant discourses presented different readings of the issue of sexuality and its abnormalities in the face of modern discourse. Therefore, this study aims to use the method of discourse analysis and identification of discursive propositions, while examining religious and traditional conflicts around sexuality after the arrival of modernity, by presenting a discursive formulation. Moreover, it aims to discuss resistance to the values of modern discourse and answer the question of how religious systems and traditional discourses, in the face of Western readings of sexuality, presented different readings in line with social control. To answer this question, this study presents a discursive formulation of the central signifier of these theories and analyzes the atmosphere of hostility and opposition. The distinction of this research from other research in this field is that it examines sexuality in the form of an analysis of the conflicts between religious and traditional discourses with modernity. This method can lead to the discovery and description of the mutual relationships between religion, tradition, and the modern world based on discursive meanings.
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