Gender and Family Studies

Gender and Family Studies

The Criticism on the Epistemological Presumptions of Postmodern Family Healers in view of Allameh Tabatabaee

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Resident researcher of Family and Woman Research Center
2 Professor of Howzeh and University Research Center
Abstract
The relationship between philosophy especially epistemology with sciences is considered as an important issue in any science. The purpose of this research is opening the conversation pertaining to the healing of family based on the Islamic culture via the investigation of postmodern epistemological presumptions and its criticism in view of Allameh Tabatabaee. The method of this fundamental research is a qualitative analytical description. Five foundations of epistemological postmodernism including the negation of objectivism, opposition to the subjectivism, historical interlude, negation of post narrations, and priority of language is rejected in view of Allameh Tabatabaee.
The healing of family on the basis of postmodern epistemology along with negation of the truth of family as well as the absoluteness of truth and falsity towards the issues of family believes in the negotiation in family, so the healer is not a specialist out of the family to do pathology by presenting some general decrees and patterns in favor of it. 
Whereas, family healing in view of Allameh Tabatabaee is evident with principles like the natural fact for family, the culminate aim for person, and kind of human in the atmosphere of family, the capability of verification and falsification of issues on family in line with achieving personal and generic perfection as well as the possibility of achieving factual issues on family through the wisdom, nature, revelation, and also the possibility of presenting pattern to the families by the healer. Hence, the family healer is obliged to instruct the family and do pathology and healing by considering the intellectual and belief foundations besides the native culture.
Keywords

1. اسمارت، باری؛ میشل فوکو؛ ترجمة لیلا جوافشانی و حسن چاوشیان؛ تهران: کتاب آمه، 1385.
2. برناردز، جان؛ درآمدی به مطالعات خانواده؛ ترجمة حسین قاضیان؛ تهران: نشر نی، 1384.
3. تاجیک، محمدرضا؛ «بحران معرفت‌شناختی در عصر جهانی شدن»؛ مجموعه‌مقالات جهانی شدن، فرصت‌ها و چالش‌های فراروی نظام آموزش و پرورش جمهوری اسلامی ایران، تهران: پژوهشکدة مطالعات راهبردی سازمان آموزش و پرورش شهر تهران، 1383.
4. خلیلی، مصطفی؛ اندیشه‌های کلامی علامه طباطبایی؛ قم: دفتر تنظیم و نشر آثار علامه طباطبایی، 1382.
5. دلوز، ژیل؛ فوکو؛ ترجمة نیکو سرخوش و افشین جهان‌دیده؛ تهران: نشر نی، 1386.
6. شیروانى، على؛ ترجمه و شرح بدایةالحکمة؛ چ11، قم: انتشارات دفتر تبلیغات اسلامى حوزة علمیة قم، 1388.
7. طباطبایى، محمدحسین؛ اصول فلسفة رئالیسم؛ چ2، قم: انتشارات دفتر تبلیغات اسلامى حوزة علمیه قم، 1387 «الف».
8. ــــــــــ ؛ آغاز فلسفه؛ چ1، قم: انتشارات دفتر تبلیغات اسلامى حوزة علمیة قم، 1387 «ب».
9. ــــــــــ ؛ المیزان فی تفسیر القرآن؛ ط2، بیروت: مؤسسة الاعلمی للمطبوعات، 1390.
10. ــــــــــ ؛ اصول فلسفه و روش رئالیسم؛ چ2، تهران: انتشارات صدرا، 1364.
11. ــــــــــ ؛ نهایة‌الحکمه؛ قم: موسسه نشر اسلامی، 1416ه.ق.
12. فرمهینی فراهانی، محسن؛ پست‌مدرنیسم و تعلیم و تربیت؛ تهران: نشر آییژ، 1389.
13. کوهن، لارنس؛ از مدرنیسم تا پست‌مدرنیسم؛ ترجمه عبدالکریم رشیدیان؛ تهران: نشر نی، 1382.
14. گلدنبرگ، ایرنه و هربرت گلدنبرگ؛ خانواده‌درمانی؛ چ7، ترجمة حمیدرضا حسین‌شاهی برواتی سیامک نقشبندی؛ تهران: نشر روان، 1388.
15. مارش، دیوید و جری استوکر؛ روش و نظریه در علوم سیاسی؛ ترجمة امیرمحمد حاج‌یوسفی؛ تهران: پژوهشکدة مطالعات راهبردی، 1378.
16. محسنی، محمدآصف؛ «بررسی و نقد نگاه پسامدرنیسم به تعلیم و تربیت ارزش‌ها»؛ اسلام و پژوهش‌های تربیتی، سال پنجم، شمارة اول، 1392، صص 25- 52.
17. Barbaro, B.; Why does psychotherapy need postmodernism? Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; 3: 43–50, 2008.
18. Becker, J.; Postmodernism and the Family: A Christian Response to Post-Modern Trends in Family and Divorce, 2000 . website:http://factfinder. census.gov/servlet/BasicFactsTable? lang=en&_vt_
name=DEC_1990_STF1_DP1&_geo_id=010 00US
19. Bray, J. H. and Stanton, M.; The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Family Psychology; Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978–1–405-16994–3, 2009.
20. Cag, P; A View of the Symbolic-experiential Family Therapy of Carl Whitaker through Movie Analysis. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice. 15(3). 575 – 58, 2015.
21. Campbell, D.; Draper, R. & Crutchley, E; The Milan system ic approach to family therapy; In A. S. Gurman & D. P. Kniskern (Eds). Handbook of family therapy (Vol. II). New York: Brunner/ Mazel, 1991.
22. Cheal, D; Unity and Difference in Postmodern Families; Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 14; No.1; 5-19, 1993.
23. Doherty,W. J; Family therapy goes postmodern; Family Networker, 15(5), 36-42, 1991.
24. Farrer, L. & Lay, W; Spotlights on Contemporary Family Life; ISBN 978-1-4475-1660-6, 2011.
25. Gergen, K. J.; The social construction movement in modern psychology; American Psychologist, 40, 266 – 275, 1985.
26. Goldenberg, H. Goldenberg, I; Family Therapy; An Overview. Library of Congress Control Number: 2011928516, 2008.
27. Guba, E. (Ed); The paradigm dialogue; Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, 1990.
28. Gurman, A. S.; Clinical Handbook of Couple Therapy; New York: THE GUILFORD PRESS, 2008.
29. Hertlein, K. M. & Lambert-Shute, J. & Benson, K.; Postmodern Influence in Family Therapy Research; Reflections of Graduate Students. The Qualitative Report Volume 9 Number 3, 538-561, 2004.
30. Leira, A.; Parents, Children and the State: Family Obligations in Norway, Oslo. Institute for Social Research; Report No. 96: 23, 1996.
31. Mills, S. D., & Sprenkle, D. H.; Family therapy in the postmodern era; Family Relations. 44(4), 368-376, 1995.
32. Noddings, N.; Philosophy of Education; stanford university, Westview Press, A Member of Perseus Books, L.L.C. Published in United States of America, 1995.
33. Pare, D., & Tarragona, M.; Generous pedagogy: teaching and learning postmodern therapies; Journal of Systemic Therapies. 25(4), 1-7, 2006.
34. Parry, T. A. Without a net: Preparations for postmodern living. In S. Friedman (Ed.), The new language of change: Constructive collaboration in psychotherapy. New York: Guilford Press, 1993.
35. Philips, D.C. & Nicholas c. Burbules; Postpositivism and Educational Research, Rowman and littlefield publisher inc; London boulder, New York, Oxford, 2000.
36. Pinsof, W. M. and Lebow, J. L.; Family Psychology The Art of the Science; Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper, 2005.
37. Rapoport, R. N., Fogarty, M. P. & Rapoport, R.; Families in Britain. London; Routledge & Kegan, 1982.
38. Real, T.; The therapeutic use of self in constructionist systematic therapy; Family Process, 29, 255-272, 1990.
39. Ritzer, G. & Barry, S.; Handbook of social theory; George, Sage Publication, London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi, First published, 2001.
40. Robideau,A.L.; Marriage And Family Therapy And Postmodernism; 2008.
41. Rosenberg, A.; Philosophy of science; A contemporary introduction. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
42. Rothausen, T.; ‘Family’ in organizational research; a review and comparison of definitions and measures. Journal of Organizational Behavior 20: 817-830, 1999.
43.  Slovik,L. S.& Griffith,J. L.; The current face of family therapy; In J. S. Rutan (Ed), Psychotherapy for the 1990s.New York: Guilford Press, 1992.
44. Thompson, K.; The Postmodern Perspective on The Family; Posted on April 3, 2015, 2015.